5/19/10 "
Emission traders’  most-profitable credits, linked to greenhouse gases considered
- more  harmful than carbon dioxide, 
are dragging the United Nations carbon  market to
- its biggest discount in a year.
     The UN faces a devaluation of the tradable  credits it gives investors that pay for projects to reduce  hydrofluorocarbons, or HFCs,
- because the European Union may favor  alternatives such as windfarms to combat global warming.
 
UN offsets for  2012 traded at 4.02 euros ($4.90) a metric ton less than comparable EU  permits, almost twice the spread at the end of last year.
 -      Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and Royal Dutch Shell  Plc are among investors that may get lower returns amid a clampdown
 on  HFCs, which are known as “super gases” because they can trap 11,700  times more heat per molecule than CO2. Bloomberg New Energy Finance said  the UN market may fall into two tiers by 2013, with “low quality”  offsets dropping to about 7 euros versus 11 euros for those not affected  by any EU discount.
 -      “The market believes these offsets are  environmentally tainted” 
 
because it is marking down HFC projects, said  Alex Desbarres, an energy analyst with Datamonitor in London, which  provides analysis of energy markets....
      Ozone Layer...
       About half of the 408.8 million credits issued  since October 2005 by the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), the  second-largest emission markets, stem from plans to cut HFCs.
      The projects are profitable because investors can  get credits valued at hundreds of millions of euros
- after spending  about $12 million to construct and $2 million a year to operate  facilities that burn away HFCs before they escape into the atmosphere,  according to World Bank estimates.
                      Tires and Chemicals
      For example, Indian tire and chemicals maker SRF  Ltd. may get 32.6 million UN offsets through 2012 from its project to  reduce HFC emissions at a facility in Rajasthan, according to data  compiled by Bloomberg. Those credits would be worth 397 million euros at  yesterday’s closing price of 12.19 euros for 2012 CER futures.
 -      Investors in the project, which already received  16.5 million credits, include BNP Paribas SA, Barclays Plc, Climate  Change Capital, EDF SA, Enel SpA and Goldman, the UN data show.
     Those returns are in jeopardy as the EU considers  restrictions 
- on how UN offsets can be used in Europe’s cap-and- trade  program, the world’s largest. The EU may force emitters to use two tons  of HFC credits to get one ton of EU compliance after 2012, according to a  draft of a European Commission paper circulated last month. EU leaders  are set to consider the suggestions in June.
     In other energy markets, a new plan for cutting  U.S. greenhouse gases by creating a cap-and-trade system for carbon  dioxide 
- includes trading limits that will drive up costs, 
 
- the  International Emissions Trading Association said. The U.S. plan banned  the use of HFC offsets.
                          ‘Evolution’
      Too many UN emissions offsets are being awarded  to HFC projects and other industrial gas systems, according to the EU  draft. The overuse of those credits “hampers the evolution towards using  the carbon market to incentivize cost effective reductions in other  areas,” the draft said.
 -     There is currently no exchange-traded market for  CERs beyond 2012. The ECX, the biggest bourse for carbon trading, may  introduce post-2012 CERs with restrictions at an unspecified time,  Patrick Birley, chief executive officer, said in an interview.
     Doubts about the Clean Development Mechanism may  extend for months or years. This November’s global climate summit in  Mexico may focus on the “architecture” for reducing global warming  rather than a binding agreement, the UN said.
      The UN system provides a needed incentive to  destroy HFCs, Yvo de Boer, the outgoing head of the UN Framework  Convention on Climate Change, said yesterday in an interview in Manama,  Bahrain.
                       ‘Very Disappointing’
-     “It is very disappointing for developing countries  that want to bring a certain carbon commodity onto the international  market to then discover that certain key buyers are not interested in  buying that commodity,” de Boer said...
     “If the EU introduces strong quality  restrictions, the CER market may fragment into a market for low quality  and a market for high quality CERs,” Aimie Parpia, an analyst at  Bloomberg New Energy Finance in London, said in a May 12 interview.
 -      A two-tiered UN market is “logical,” said Mark  Meyrick, head of the carbon desk in Rotterdam at the trading unit of  Eneco Holding NV, the Dutch utility.
     The EU should consider allowing high-quality  credits linked to reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation  in developing countries, known as REDD Plus offsets, Meyrick said.
 -      “It’s more environmentally credible to allow REDD  Plus credits in the EU program after 2012 than proportions
 
of  industrial-gas credits,” he said."
Labels: Bloomberg, Goldman Sachs faces UN carbon trading loss